ACTMADCOWS - ACT Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) Candidates Catalog

Overview

Galaxy clusters are an important tool for cosmology, and their detection and characterization are key goals for current and future surveys. Using data from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) located 2839 significant galaxy overdensities at redshifts 0.7 <= z <= 1.5, which included extensive follow-up imaging from the Spitzer Space Telescope to determine cluster richnesses. Concurrently, the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) has produced large area millimeter-wave maps in three frequency bands along with a large catalog of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ)-selected clusters as part of its Data Release 5 (DR5).

The authors aimed to verify and characterize MaDCoWS clusters using measurements of, or limits on, their thermal SZ effect signatures. They also used these detections to establish the scaling relation between SZ mass and the MaDCoWS-defined richness.

Using the maps and cluster catalog from DR5, the authors explore the scaling between SZ mass and cluster richness. They do this by comparing cataloged detections and extracting individual and stacked SZ signals from the MaDCoWS cluster locations. The authors use complementary radio survey data from the Very Large Array, submillimeter data from Herschel, and ACT 224GHz data to assess the impact of contaminating sources on the SZ signals from both ACT and MaDCoWS clusters. They use a hierarchical Bayesian model to fit the mass-richness scaling relation, allowing for clusters to be drawn from two populations: one, a Gaussian centered on the mass-richness relation, and the other, a Gaussian centered on zero SZ signal.

This study found that MaDCoWS clusters have submillimeter contamination that is consistent with a gray-body spectrum, while the ACT clusters are consistent with no submillimeter emission on average. Additionally, the intrinsic radio intensities of ACT clusters are lower than those of MaDCoWS clusters, even when the ACT clusters are restricted to the same redshift range as the MaDCoWS clusters. The authors found the best-fit ACT SZ mass versus MaDCoWS richness scaling relation has a slope of p1=1.84_-0.14^+0.15, where the slope is defined as M ~lambda₁₅^p1 and lambda₁₅ is the richness. They also found that the ACT SZ signals for a significant fraction (~57%) of the MaDCoWS sample can statistically be described as being drawn from a noise-like distribution, indicating that the candidates are possibly dominated by low-mass and unvirialized systems that are below the mass limit of the ACT sample. Further, the authors noted that a large portion of the optically confirmed ACT clusters located in the same volume of the sky as MaDCoWS were not selected by MaDCoWS, indicating that the MaDCoWS sample is not complete with respect to SZ selection. Finally, the authors found that the radio loud fraction of MaDCoWS clusters increases with richness, while they found no evidence that the submillimeter emission of the MaDCoWS clusters evolved with richness.

The authors concluded that the original MaDCoWS selection function is not well defined and, as such, reiterated the MaDCoWS collaboration's recommendation that the sample is suited for probing cluster and galaxy evolution, but not cosmological analyses. They found a best-fit mass-richness relation slope that agrees with the published MaDCoWS preliminary results. Additionally, they concluded that, while the approximate level of infill of the ACT and MaDCoWS cluster SZ signals (1-2%) is subdominant to other sources of uncertainty for current generation experiments, characterizing and removing this bias will be critical for next-generation experiments hoping to constrain cluster masses at the sub-percent level.

Catalog Bibcode

2021A&A...653A.135O

References

Atacama Cosmology Telescope measurements of a large sample of candidates from
the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey.
Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect confirmation of MaDCoWS candidates using ACT.
    Orlowski-Scherer J., Di Mascolo L., Bhandarkar T., Manduca A.,
    Mroczkowski T., Amodeo S., Battaglia N., Brodwin M., Choi S.K., Devlin M.,
    Dicker S., Dunkley J., Gonzalez A.H., Han D., Hilton M., Huffenberger K.,
    Hughes J.P., Macinnis A., Knowles K., Koopman B.J., Lowe I., Moodley K.,
    Nati F., Niemack M.D., Page L.A., Partridge B., Romero C., Salatino M.,
    Schillaci A., Sehgal N., Sifon C., Staggs S., Stanford S.A., Thornton R.,
    Vavagiakis E.M., Wollack E.J., Xu Z., Zhu N.
   <Astron. Astrophys., 653, A135-135 (2021)>
   =2021A&A...653A.135O

Provenance

This table was created by the HEASARC in April 2022 based upon the link provided by the LAMBDA archive: https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_madcows_cl_catalog_get.html.

Parameters

Name
The source designation in the format ACT-CL JHHMM.m+/-DDMM of the ACT detection.

RA
The right ascension for the ACT source in decimal degrees in J2000 coordinates.

Dec
The declination for the ACT source in decimal degrees in J2000 coordinates.

LII
The galactic longitude corresponding to the ACT source position. This parameter was added by the HEASARC and calculated from the given J2000 position.

BII
The galactic latitude corresponding to the ACT source position. This parameter was added by the HEASARC and calculated from the given J2000 position.

Redshift
The redshift of the ACT cluster source.

Redshift_Error
The redshift uncertainty of the ACT cluster source.

Redshift_Type
The method for determining the redshift of the ACT cluster source.

M500
The cluster mass that encloses an average density equal to 500 times the critical density at the cluster redshift, in units of solar masses, and estimated assuming the Universal Pressure Profile (UPP; Arnaud et al., 2010) scaling relation to convert the ACT SZ signal to mass.

M500_Pos_Err
The 1-sigma upper uncertainty in the cluster mass that encloses an average density equal to 500 times the critical density at the cluster redshift, in units of solar masses, and estimated assuming the Universal Pressure Profile (UPP; Arnaud et al., 2010) scaling relation to convert the ACT SZ signal to mass.

M500_Neg_Err
The 1-sigma lower uncertainty in the cluster mass that encloses an average density equal to 500 times the critical density at the cluster redshift, in units of solar masses, and estimated assuming the Universal Pressure Profile (UPP; Arnaud et al., 2010) scaling relation to convert the ACT SZ signal to mass.

SNR
The signal-to-noise ratio for the ACT source.

MaDCoWS_Name
The source designation of the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) candidate in the format MOO JHHMM+DDMM.

MaDCoWS_RA
The right ascension for the MaDCoWS source in decimal degrees in J2000 coordinates.

MaDCoWS_Dec
The declination for the MaDCoWS source in decimal degrees in J2000 coordinates.

MaDCoWS_M500
The cluster mass that encloses an average density equal to 500 times the critical density at the cluster redshift, in units of solar masses, based on forced photometry using ACT SZ maps with the MaDCoWS cluster coordinates as described in Section 4 of the associated paper.

MaDCoWS_Redshift
The redshift of the MaDCoWS cluster.

MaDCoWS_Richness
The cluster richness (lambda₁₅) based on the Gonzalez et al. (2019ApJS..240...33G, Cat. J/ApJS/240/33) reference. Note that some clusters do not have a lambda₁₅ value associated with them, as Gonzalez et al. (2019ApJS..240...33G, Cat. J/ApJS/240/33) did not report richness values for clusters with for clusters with low partial IRAC data.

MaDCoWS_Richness_Error
The uncertainty in cluster richness based on the Gonzalez et al. (2019ApJS..240...33G, Cat. J/ApJS/240/33) reference.

Contact Person

Questions regarding the ACTMADCOWS database table can be addressed to the HEASARC Help Desk.

Page Author: Browse Software Development Team
Last Modified: Monday, 16-Sep-2024 17:24:03 EDT